In a battery case, the plaintiff was bad-tempered and carried a gun; the defendant struck first. Which finding would most likely lead to a verdict for the defendant for self-defense?

• A. The plaintiff was unarmed and posed no threat.
• B. The defendant used more force than reasonably necessary.
• C. The plaintiff provoked the attack.
• D. The defendant used no more force than he reasonably believed was necessary.

Answer: (D)